This paper seeks to provide an input towards developing the proposal for the research project, “Pathways of Women’s Empowerment” to investigate the determinants of women’s empowerment where and when it occurs. It primarily attempts to give an overview of the trends in research, thinking and programmes in Pakistan from 1975 onwards in the area of women’s empowerment and bodily integrity in order...

The purpose of the present study was to compare the PhD dissertations written by native and nonnative English writers in the field of Applied Linguistics with regard to the use of self-mentions. To this end, 40 Applied Linguistics PhD dissertations (20 written by native English writers and 20 by non-native English writers), were selected randomly among academic texts written in 2007-2017. The p...

In handwritten text there are usually several accepted styles for forming each character. We hypothesize that in the handwriting of individuals there is a correlation among the styles used for characters, and that these correlations may be used to anticipate which styles particular writers will use for symbols that have not yet been seen. This approach may prove useful in the setting of mathema...

The main purpose of this study was to examine the citation patterns of discussion sections employed by local and international article writers in ESP and EGP subdisciplines of applied linguistics. Eighty article discussion sections were selected from well-established local and international journals in the field of applied linguistics, and they were sorted according to Thompson and Tribble’s (2...

The concept of the rock cycle and the “indefinite” length of geologic time were outlined first by James Hutton before he had ever seen an unconformity. Hutton drew general support of his theory from existing observations of unconformities from accounts in French, which he re-interpreted in light of his own ideas. Hutton then found his own field examples to test his ideas before coming upon Sicc...

françois mauriac, a scholar and a famous french author and the winner of the nobel prize in literature, , unlike any of his contemporaries is not known in iran. in this article, it has been attempted to know him better on the basis of his viewpoints toward two famous contemporaries, andré gide and marcel proust. mauriac believes that these two writers incorporated a detailed reflection of relig...

In this paper we describe our approach to building a French text input system, in which no explicit typing of accents is required. This makes typing of French available to a wider range of keyboards and to occasional writers of the language. Our method is built on the noisy-channel model, and achieves 99.8% characterlevel accuracy on the test data consisting of formal and casual writing styles....