Beginning from a case, this paper focuses on the discussion of “the invalidity of illegal civil conduct”. From the perspective of comparative law, this paper makes theoretical researches on the effectiveness of civil conduct that breaches the law in content. It chiefly analyzes three issues. What is the law that is breached by the illegal civil conduct? Is the “invalidity” “absolute” or “relati...

pollution and destruction of environment and the resulting damages is one of the basic perplexities of modern industrial and urban societies and one of the most essential issues dealt with in environment rights. thus, given the necessity of indemnification for any damage and loss in most of the legal systems, the study, assessment, and discussion of civil responsibility arising from environment...

Background: The coexistence of human beings requires the observance of moral etiquette, which is called civil ethics in ethics and leads to normative order. In order for civil ethics to have an executive guarantee, a set of laws was formed in the society under the title of civil procedure. One of the lawsuits in this regard is the harassment lawsuit. There are complex issues in the harassment l...

the iranian civil code is mostly influenced by juristic sources and french law. in the article 1234 of french civil code, a legal institution entitled “terminator condition” is included in the causes of discharge of an obligation. the article 264 of iranian civil code, which deals with description of causes of discharge of an obligation, corresponds to the article 1234 of french civil law. howe...

In comparative law, there are many situations where the same legal term has different meanings, or where different legal terms have same legal effect. This can often cause confusion to both lawyers and their clients. This confusion most often occurs when civil lawyers have to deal with common law, or aice aersa, when common law lawyers deal with civil law issues. While there are many issues whi...

nowadays the environmental civil liability regime has wake fundaments. this article attempts to analysis the new evolutions in the fundaments of environmental civil liability theories in islamic jurisprudence and environmental law .so this paper is divided in tow sections and one introduction. part i study contemporary legal approaches in environmental civil liability and part ii explain and de...