it is very important to analyze the rice market structure in mazandaran province, as this province is competent to produce rice. mazandaran rice market was analyzed by completing 55 questionnaires in producer, wholesaler and retailers level, randomly in 2009. results show that marketing margins of two varieties namely- local (tarom) and multi-product- were 5850 and 3700 rials, respectively; als...

agricultural sector will be most affected by climate change due to its extensive interaction with the environment. and as a result of changing production conditions, community welfare is changed. this study attempted at understanding the welfare effects of changes in climate parameters on the wheat product. therefore, the yield functions were initially estimated. supply, demand and import funct...

Analysis of the welfare effect of advertising depends critically upon the effect of advertising on market prices. In many circumstances, advertising that leads to higher (lower) market prices is overproduced (underproduced) from society s perspective. This paper demonstrates that these predictions may not hold when consumer search costs are important. A model is developed to show how advertisin...

A framework is developed for examining the price and welfare effects of the introduction of genetically modified (GM) crops. In the short run, non-GM grain generally becomes another niche product. However, more profound market effects are observed under some reasonable parameterizations. In the long run, consumer and producer welfare are usually greater after the introduction of GM technology. ...

We specify the optimal level of copyright protection for an individual producer and the society as a whole. For an individual producer, the optimal level is (i) no protection, (ii) the level under which the producer’s overall profit net of the development cost is zero, or (iii) full protection. The optimal level for the society, on the other hand, critically depends on the distribution of firms...