There has been considerable interest in the development of analysis techniques for Geographical Information Systems (GIS). This includes such normative spatial models as vehicle routing models, districting and turfing models for dividing up land into territories for schools, sales/service, and voting, and location models for identifying sites or patterns of sites to provide service accessibilit...

one of the core elements of water management and increase agricultural productivity is the efficient use of available resources. due to increasing demand for agricultural products, increase the productivity of scarce resources is essential. optimal utilization of these resources, in addition to meet the demand of the community as a major goal, can also increase operating income to be followed. ...

This paper presents a procedure for assigning zone data to links in the context of a Geographic Information System (GIS) environment. This may be used for several applications; the one motivating this paper is the need to approximate how much secondary traffic is accessing the main street network from adjacent zones. This will then be used in models to predict the number of accidents on the mai...

Groundwater is a crucial natural resource that varies in quality and quantity across Khyber Pakhtunkhwa (KPK), Pakistan. Increased population urbanization place enormous demands on groundwater supplies, reducing both their quantity. This research aimed to delineate the potential zone Kohat region, Pakistan by integrating twelve thematic layers. In current research, Potential Zone (GWPZ) were cr...

background: groundwater nitrate pollution is an important environmental problem in water resources management. in this regard, specific measures aiming at prevention of water pollution will be helpful to managers and decision-makers. identification of aquifers’ vulnerable areas and determination of groundwater protection zones using most widely used models, such as drastic and cd, are one of th...

Over the last few years, to increase the competitiveness of domestic construction industries, the governments of US, UK, Japan, and other developed countries have introduced Building Information Modeling (BIM) as part of their support policy; as a result, BIM information is increasing rapidly. In this regard, the need for studies on integrating or mapping BIM object information to Geographic In...