this study investigated how group formation method, namely student-selected vs. teacher-assigned, influences the results of the community model of teaching creative writing; i.e., group dynamics and group outcome (the quality of performance). the study adopted an experimental comparison group and microgenetic research design to observe the change process over a relatively short period of time. ...

over the past decades a number of approaches have been applied for forecasting mortality. in 1992, a new method for long-run forecast of the level and age pattern of mortality was published by lee and carter. this method was welcomed by many authors so it was extended through a wider class of generalized, parametric and nonlinear model. this model represents one of the most influential recent d...

abstract while task-based instruction is considered as the most effective way to learn a language in the related literature, it is oversimplified on various grounds. different variables may affect how students are engaged with not only the language but also with the task itself. the present study was conducted to investigate language and task related engagement on the basis of the task typolog...

abstract this study investigated the predictability of variables from a motivational framework as well as individuals qualities to predict three non-linguistic outcomes of language learning. gardners socio-educational model with its measures has been used in the current study. individual qualities presented in this study include (1) age, (2) gender, and (3) language learning experience. the...

اگرکیفیت معلم کلاس برای بهبودیادگیری دانش آموزحیاتی است،پس کیفیت اساتیددانشجو-معلمان، یابه عبارتی معلمین معلمان نیزبرای پیشرفت آموزش بسیارمهم واساسی است.ناگفته پیداست که یک سیستم مناسب آموزش معلمان ،معلمین با کیفیتی را تربیت خواهدکرد.که این کار منجربه داشتن مدارس خوب، ودرنتیجه نیروی کارماهرتروشهروندبهتربرای جامعه خواهدشد. اساتیددانشجو-معلمان نقشی بسیارمهم را در سیستم اموزش معلمان درسراسرجهان ای...

abstract the present study was conducted to investigate the effect of using model essays on the development of writing proficiency of iranian pre-intermediate efl learners. to fulfill the purpose of the study, 55 pre- intermediate learners of parsa language institute were chosen by means of administering proficiency test. based on the results of the pretest, two matched groups, one as the expe...

with the increasing population and the need for more food, as well as with the development of science and technology, human approach to unnatural and often chemical inputs to increase agricultural production has been a great expansion and problems such as increased cancers, chronic diseases has created environmental pollution. implementation of organic organic is a solution to these problems . ...