poet khalil mardom bak excellent example of the men released this statement of the era in literature and its effects. raise high the name of his country, and he fought all his life. it was among the first to made huge gateway luxury hair literature solid, and reported it, was link between the ancient and the modern, money to the description, the collection of delicacies and say beautiful images...

The continuous spread of distributed energy resources (DERs) such as combined heating and power (CHP), diesel generators, boilers and renewable energy sources provide an effective solution to energy related problems to serve the power and heat demands with minimum cost. Moreover, the DERs may play a significant role for supplying power and heat in rural areas, where grid electricity is not avai...

water scarcity in iran has worsened as a result of population growth, increasing pollution, poor water management practices, and climate change. using proper utilization and management of wastewater can provide the ability to cope with pollution threats and take the opportunity to benefit from the new sources of water. in this study, the impact of water scarcity on the production and macroecono...

This paper reviews the latest information and perspectives on global phosphorus scarcity. Phosphorus is essential for food production and modern agriculture currently sources phosphorus fertilizers from finite phosphate rock. The 2008 food and phosphate fertilizer price spikes triggered increased concerns regarding the depletion timeline of phosphate rock reserves. While estimates range from 30...

the comprehensiveness of islam necessitates that it would meet all the needs of humankind in all aspects of his life, including economic problems. knowing that economists believe in scarcity of natural resources and human's unlimited needs as the main problems of economy in management of human's life, it is questioned if there would be any solution in fiqh and religious teachings. ref...

According to “Hotelling rule” price of an “exhaustible resource” exceeds its marginal cost of production in perfect competition equilibrium by amount equal to the opportunity cost of depleting the resource now rather than next periods. This cost is called “scarcity rent”. Oil price exceeds its marginal extraction costs significantly. This can be attributed two different sources: effect of scarc...

Most scarcities that underpin health disparities within and among countries are not natural; rather, they result from policy choices and the operation of social institutions. Using examples from the United States of America: the Chicago heat wave and hurricane Katrina, this paper develops "denaturalizing scarcity" as a strategy for enquiry to inform public-health ethics in an interconnected wor...

Consumer perceptions are key to the success of strategies address water scarcity. A decision pathway survey was used investigate attitudes amongst South Africans (N = 668) in urban areas towards four alternative sources. Results showed that storm and rainwater harvesting most (49.7%), reclaimed wastewater least acceptable options (15.7%). Direct potable reuse supported (26.6%), followed by indi...