هدف این مقاله بررسی رابطه توسعه مالی، رشد اقتصادی و مصرف انرژی در گروهی از کشورهای در حال توسعه صادر­کننده­ی سوخت طی سال­های 2001 الی 2016 است. اینمطالعهبااستفادهازتکنیکبرآوردGMMسیستم،دردومعادلهبهصورتهمزمانبهبررسیتاثیررشداقتصادیبرمصرفانرژیومصرفانرژیبررشدبادرنظرگرفتنسایرمتغیرهایتأثیرگذاربرمصرفانرژی،ازجملهقیمتانرژیوشهرنشینی، وباتوجهبهدیگرمتغیرهایتأثیرگذاربررشداقتصادیمانندتوسعهمالی،سرمایهگذاری،اند...

this study investigates the strategies native english and persian speakers employ for expressing gratitude in different situations. the strategies of persian efl learners are also compared with english strategies in order to find the differences that may exist between these two languages. social status and size of imposition of the favor are social variables which are investigated in detail for...

abstract pragmatics is the study of communicative action in its sociocultural context. communicative action includes not only using speech acts (such as apologizing, complaining, complimenting, and requesting), but also engaging in different types of discourse and participating in speech events of varying length and complexity. the present study aimed to investigate the assessment of pragm...

magnetic resonance imaging (mri) is a notable medical imaging technique that makes of phenomenon of nuclear magnetic resonance. because of the resolution and the technology being harmless, mri has considered as the most desirable imaging technique in clinical applications. the visual quality of mri plays an important role in accuracy of medical delineations that can be seriously degraded by exi...

learning a second or foreign language requires the manipulation of four main skills, namely, listening, reading, speaking, and writing which lead to effective communication. it is obvious that vocabulary is an indispensible part of any communication, so without a vocabulary, no meaningful communication can take place and meaningful communication relies heavily on vocabulary. one fundamental fac...

nanotechnology is a general term which is related with field of all advanced science term that generally predicates with all modern technologies which consider nanoscales. improvement in the quality of products by adding some nanoparticles and study of their behavior in the presence of these nanoparticles have been obtained in many researches. on the other hand numerous demands for sowing ...

the purpose of this study was the relationship between problem – solvi ability with fdi cognitive style of students.the research method was correlation method. for data analysis pearson test was used. statistical society in this research was all the students of alligoodarz city in 1391-92 year.to sampling of statiscal population was used sampling multi-stage random the size of sample selected 2...

acknowledgements i wish to express my gratitude to all those who have helped me in preparing this thesis. i would like to express my deep gratitude to my respected advisor dr. kourosh akef, whose advice and comments helped me in the early stages of the research and throughout the writing process. i would also like to express my gratitude to dr. hajar khanmohammad whose invaluable guidance he...

the history of plant’s used for mankind is as old as the start of humankind. initially, people used plants for their nutritional proposes but after the discovery of medicinal properties, this natural ?ora became a useful source of disease cure and health improvement across various human communities. berberis vulgaris is one of the medicinal plants used in iranian traditional medicine. berberis ...