abstract the problems caused by the traditional system of criminal justice (which are based on remuneration and rehabilitation) such as, lack of attention to victim’s rights and position and society, underlie the emergence of restorative justice which had the victim-centered perspective, with respect to the role of the offender and participation of civil society. meanwhile, criminal mediation ...

Background & Aim: Cardiac functional adaptations are affected by gender, age, intensity and type of exercise. The aim of this study was to compare the effect of endurance, resistance, concurrent training on the cardiac function. Methods: Forty healthy middle-aged women (mean age 44/62±3/45 years, height 157/75±4/87 cm and weight 73/27±10/64 kg) were randomly divided into four groups (10 person...

the present study aimed to investigate the possible effects of focused highlighted error feedback on grammatical accuracy of writing among iranian intermediate efl learners. after selecting 52 homogenous participants from among 70 university students attending azad university of rasht and randomly dividing them into two intact groups of 26 students, the researcher exposed the participants of th...

The purpose of this study was to survey effects of twelve weeks endurance training on serum levels of selected hormones in underweight men. Eighteen healthy underweight men were randomly divided at two groups: endurance training and control. Serum levels of adiponectin, testosterone, and cortisol were assessed before and after training. Endurance training protocol consisted of twelve weeks peda...

Introduction: Exercise is an effective factor in the prevention, treatment and rehabilitation of many metabolic disorders. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of six weeks’ endurance training and consuming L-carnitine on apoptotic factors in the hippocampus of diabetic rats. Methods: In this experimental study, 45 Wistar male rats, weighing between 250 and 300 grams, were rand...

Objective: The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of eight-weeks of general preparation exercise on some selected biomechanical, anthropometrical and physiological parameters of the Iranian women’s national Taekwondo team. Methods: Nine elite members of Iranian women’s national Taekwondo team (age 23/22±1/98 years old, and weight 61/88±8/44 kg) partic...