abstract the purpose of this study was to find out the effect of applying the principles of group-dynamic assessment (g-da) on learning of conditional structures in english by iranian efl learners at the intermediate level, which according to the formal educational system in iran, includes students who are in their second year of studying in high schools of koohdasht city. this study was a qua...

Myths are the human being’s responses to the most fundamental questions he has faced with. As time passes, such narratives would be elaborated, embellished and sometimes even transformed to something different. Myths are narrated and communicated through symbolic devices and parables and are accepted as a part of sacred beliefs in various societies. These mystic narratives throughout history we...

بعد از آنکه روند هجوم مغولان توسط ممالیک متوقف شد، ایلخانان مغول برای ارتباط بهتر با اروپا، مقابله با ممالیک و حفظ منافع سیاسی و اقتصادی خویش، نیازمند ائتلاف با دولت های مسیحی شرقی همچون ارمنستان و بیزانس بودند. دولت بیزانس نیز در زمان سلسله‌ پالئولوگوس (paleologue) در مقابل خطرات سیاسی پیرامون خود که حیات بیزانس را تهدید می‌کرد با ایلخانان دارای اهداف و منافع مشترک سیاسی و اقتصادی گردید. با وج...

the main purpose of the present study was to investigate the relationship between listening proficiency and metacognitive listening strategies awareness among low, mid, and highly self-regulated students. three hundred and seventy one efl students participated in this study (all grade 3 and 4 high-school students who were studying in khansar in academic year 1391-92). to gather the data, three ...

nowadays, air pollution is a global problem that has had significant growth by technology development, population growth andindustrial development. industrial development brought natural resources deterioration, more manufacturing products, and more environmental pollutants. if pollutant won’t be controlled, human-being and wildlife will face the critical risks. significant release and critical...

there are two major theories of measurement in psychometrics: classical test theory (ctt) and item-response theory (irt). despite its widespread and long use, ctt has a number of shortcomings, which make it problematic to be used for practical and theoretical purposes. irt tries to solve these shortcomings, and provide better and more dependable answers. one of the applications of irt is the as...