CYP2C19 polymorphism is associated with pretreatment drug response prediction, metabolism, and disposition. Pakistan consists of a population comprising of various ethnic groups residing in different regions of the country each claiming diverse ethnic origins. The identification of CYP450 genotypic composition of these populations is therefore necessary to avoid adverse drug reactions in these ...

Background and Aims: Several studies have shown that host genetic factors can be associated with the risk of developing Helicobacter pylori infections. Therefore, we evaluated the most prevalent toll-like receptors (TLRs) polymorphisms in Helicobacter pylori positive subjects and their possible role in susceptibility to Helicobacter pylori infections. Materials and Methods: Using related keywo...

Background: In addition to cellular and molecular mechanisms involved in the pathogenesis of asthma, mounting evidences demonstrate that single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in asthma relevant genes have a role in conferring susceptibility to the disease. CHI3L1 is secreted from macrophages, neutrophils, and airway epithelial cells through an IL-13 related mechanism and contributes to tissue ...

The polymorphic variants of CYP1A1 and the deletion GSTM1 are present in Peruvian mestizo population. Wild type mutated genotypes (WT/*2A *2A/ *2A) were identified, whose allele frequencies 0.31 (T allele) 0.69 (C allele), respectively; 53% with wild (+) 47% null . frequency Iquiteño emigrants was 0.72 CYP1A1*2A 25% (-); from Lima 0.67 33% (-). Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium test for studied popula...

Researchers in the field of transfusion medicine have a growing interest in the cis-AB blood group, which is characterized by a paradoxical inheritance of the ABO blood group [1]. The cis-AB blood group arises from a glycosyltransferase capable of synthesizing both A and B antigens simultaneously [2]. In addition, affected individuals display more than one phenotype depending on their partnerin...

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic inflammatory disorder of the central nervous system, with a complex etiology that includes a strong genetic component. The chromosome 19q 13 region surrounding the apolipoprotein E (APOE) gene has shown consistent evidence of involvement in MS. In a cross-sectional study, to show the APOE genotype and allele frequency in the MS population of Iran in comp...

Background: Cytokines are cell signaling molecules which upon release by cells facilitate the recruitment of immune-modulatory cells towards the sites of inflammation. Genetic variations in cytokine genes are shown to regulate their production and affect the risk of infectious as well as autoimmune diseases. Intron-3 of interleukin-4 gene (IL-4) harbors 70-bp variable number of tandem repeats (...

Background: HLA-G gene contains 15 alleles including a null allele, HLA-G*0105N. Previous studies have shown that HLA-G*0105N does not encode the complete HLA-G1 or HLA-G5 isoforms but encodes a functional HLA-G protein with the ability to in-hibit NK cell cytolysis. Thus, although the biological functions of HLA-G1 and HLA-G5 proteins are abrogated, other isoforms such as HLA-G2 can replace th...