By combining experimental interventions with search procedures for graphical causal models we show that under familiar assumptions, with perfect data, N − 1 experiments suffice to determine the causal relations among N > 2 variables when each experiment randomizes at most one variable. We show the same bound holds for adaptive learners, but does not hold for N > 4 when each experiment can simul...

Centuries of chart-making have produced some outstanding charts tailored specifically to the data being visualized. They have also produced a myriad of less-than-outstanding charts in the same vein. I instead present a set of techniques that may be applied to arbitrary datasets with specific properties. In particular, I describe two techniques – Nested Category Maps and Correlation Maps – for v...

the purpose of this study was to analyze those factors affecting volunteering in sport associations of universities in tehran. the research was a descriptive, survey and field study and was categorized as an applied research based on its aim as well. in order to collect the data, a questionnaire (andam, 2007) was used and distributed among target population which consisted of all boys and girls...