Although many studies have associated the demise of complex societies with deteriorating climate, few have investigated the connection between an ameliorating environment, surplus resources, energy, and the rise of empires. The 13th-century Mongol Empire was the largest contiguous land empire in world history. Although drought has been proposed as one factor that spurred these conquests, no hig...

This text deals with violence against women (VAW) as a scientific and practical object of Health. It is a theoretical and critical reflection related to historical processes that show convergences and distances between the approach of this violence as an issue and the health field particularities, creating contemporary conquests and challenges especially to Public Health. The text debates inter...

Much of today’s information is digitised. Representation of information is increasingly becoming digital. Yet, paper books remain popular, as many readers prefer the reading experience that paper books provide, which digital interfaces cannot. In this paper, our aim is to improve users’ reading experience by enhancing books with digital functionalities. We conducted a user survey study to ident...

has the pleasure of sending to you our Publications 2003. This publication, nineth in a series, has 194 entries and includes 181 articles in English or Finnish; summarized in English for your convenience. We hope that you will find the booklet useful. Should you want to make a request for any listed book or article, please contact the authors or our Library at the addresses below. The library a...