The gaining popularity of production rule systems had as a result the recent Rule Interchange Format (RIF) extensibility framework. This framework, developed by the W3C Consortium, is for modeling production rules in forward chaining rule engines. Our research, based on this RIF extensibility framework, sets the foundational work for a flexible new rule language to facilitate knowledge represen...

A major challenge in instrumental variables (IV) analysis is to find instruments that are valid, or have no direct effect on the outcome and are ignorable. Typically one is unsure whether all of the putative IVs are in fact valid. We propose a general inference procedure in the presence of invalid IVs, called Two-Stage Hard Thresholding (TSHT) with voting. TSHT uses two hard thresholding steps ...

A novel approach is presented for mining weighted association rules (ARs) from binary and fuzzy data. We address the issue of invalidation of downward closure property (DCP) in weighted association rule mining where each item is assigned a weight according to its significance w.r.t some user defined criteria. Most works on weighted association rule mining so far struggle with invalid downward c...

The use of intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIg), which is immunoglobulin G pooled from thousands of healthy donors, in the treatment of immunodeficient and autoimmune diseases has grown during the past 2 decades. Although its initial application was largely limited to replacement therapy in hypogammaglobulinemia, IVIg is gaining acceptance as therapy for autoimmune thrombocytopenia purpura, and a ...