1 2 Similar adaptation effects in primary visual cortex and area MT of the macaque monkey under 3 matched stimulus conditions 4 5 6 Carlyn A. Patterson, Jacob Duijnhouwer, Stephanie C Wissig, Bart Krekelberg, and Adam 7 Kohn 8 9 1 – Dominick Purpura Department of Neuroscience 10 2 – Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences 11 Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx NY 10461 12 3 – Cen...

Because optical WDM networks will become a realistic choice for buildings backbones, multicasting in the WDM network should be supported for various network applications. In this paper, a new multicast problem, Multicast Routing under Delay Constraint Problem (MRDCP), routing a request with delay bound to all destinations in a WDM network with different light splitting is solved by genetic algo...

Abstract Tumor-intrinsic PDL1 drives melanoma treatment resistance. Melanocytes (melanoma cell-of-origin) do not express PDL1, but is expressed in malignant melanomas, suggesting melanocyte promotes melanomagenesis. We developed a novel autochthonous mouse model that develops NRAS Q61R-mutant melanomas lacking only melanocytes (PDL1 KOTN Q61R) and littermate controls +/+TN Q61R). induced mice w...

ed to medical schools to build research facilities also came to support their educational infrastructure. By the 1960s, funded science research supported one third of all medical school expenditures. Although scientists and physicians began to work together in academic medical centers, the laboratory and the clinic emerged as arenas with distinct perspectives. Newly empowered scientists chose l...

articles written over the last few years have drawn attention to the disappearance of young physician scientists (1–5). There are nearly 25% fewer physician scientists on medical school faculties today than two decades ago (6) and now we know some of the reasons. The heavy accumulation of debt through many years of research training is one explanation (7). So is the difficulty of providing a us...

DRS. Schwinn and Balser are to be commended on their outstanding article entitled “Anesthesiology Physician Scientists in Academic Medicine: A Wake-up Call.” Their “call to arms” regarding the urgency of developing the next generation of physician scientists in anesthesiology may serve to further help shake us out of our complacency. These authors have nicely documented the problem and presente...

STUDY QUESTION Do the reproductive outcomes from the transfer of fully hatched (FH) blastocysts differ from those of not fully hatched (NFH) blastocysts? SUMMARY ANSWER Biochemical pregnancy rate (BPR), implantation rate (IR), live birth rate (LBR) and early pregnancy loss (EPL) rate are similar in FH and NFH single euploid blastocyst embryo transfers. WHAT IS KNOWN ALREADY The use of exten...

Studies of human problem solving have traditionally used deterministic tasks that require the execution of a systematic series of steps to reach a rational and optimal solution. Most real-world problems, however, are characterized by uncertainty, the need to consider an enormous number of variables and possible courses of action at each stage in solving the problem, and the need to optimize the...