This case report presents an eight-year-old girl having periauricular swelling and severe pain during mouth opening on the right-side temporomandibular joint (TMJ). CBCT showed extensive destruction of the base of the skull and the roof of the glenoid fossa on the right side. The findings based on CT and MRI images with and without contrast are discussed herein. This report highlights a skull b...

Hedgehog (Hh) signaling has been implicated in the development of osteoblasts and osteoclasts whose balanced activities are critical for proper bone formation. Since many mouse mutants in the Hh pathway are embryonic lethal, questions on the exact effects of Hh signaling on osteogenesis remain. Using zebrafish larvae mutant in Indian Hedgehog, patched1, patched2 and suppressor of fused (dre), w...

Internal organs in vertebrates show distinctive left–right asymmetry. To establish left–right patterning, creation of a leftward flow plays a critical role. However, how this flow function or how this flow is sensed is still debated, because a flow sensor itself has not been identified yet. Here we show a medaka mutant abecobe (abc), isolated by our recent ENU-mediated mutagenesis screening wit...

sequences in molecular phylogenetic trees is consistent with early observations that polychaetes tend to have relatively short branches in such trees, and hence are useful taxa with which to reconstruct gene family evolution. Also it is clear that the traditional molecular model systems for protostomes (e.g. Drosophila melanogaster and Caenorhabditis elegans), which are restricted to the Ecdyso...

phology. We have generated a Tg(phd3:GFP)/+; vhl1/+ transgenic line, which exhibit robust GFP expression in the vhl1/vhl1 background, essentially acting as an in vivo fluorescent reporter to identify the mutant cells/embryos. To induce VHL kidney tumors in fish, we have utilized this transgenic line to generate donor embryos and transplanted the mutant blastomeres to the wild type host embryos,...