In this paper, based on error correction model by using panel data, an empirical analysis of demand for international reserves for 16 Islamic countries is investigated. Besides addressing conventional issues, the model explicitly incorporates the impact of expected export revenues and the impact of the exchange rate system on reserve demand. The results reveal that, short run money market diseq...

the importance of non oil export and it’s role in economic deuelopment of countnies , has been considered as value subject for a long time. more over , understanding and the rate of effect factors on non oil export may help export development . therefore in this study withy using 2sls and statistic from (1971-2009), it had assessed the effective factor in the iranian non oil export . we have sh...

This paper analyzes export subsidies (price incentives) and export quotas (quantity controls) in the Brander-Spencer (1985) model when policy makers have limited information on demand and cost structures. We examine necessary or sufficient information for policy makers to determine the right policies. It is crucial that they know the elasticity values of the slope of the inverse demand curve an...

In this paper we use micro data on both trade and production for a sample of large Chinese manufacturing firms in the footwear industry from 2002-2006 to estimate an empirical model of export demand, pricing, and market participation by destination market. We use the model to construct indexes of firm-level demand, cost, and export market profitability. The empirical results indicate substantia...

â â â  â  zahra zamani [1] â â  seyed komail tayebi â  department of economics, university of isfahan, iran â â department of economics, university of isfahan, iran â â â  abstract â  international trade causes that markets to become more competitive and small-medium sized enterprises (smes) learn to compete effectively within this increasingly competitive global market place. smes are able to ...