empirical studies have shown that the size distribution of firms can be described as a lognormal or pareto distribution. however, these studies have focused on developed countries and little attention has been devoted to developing countries. using the variable of number of employees as a measure of firm size, this paper investigates the shape of firm size distribution in the food & beverages i...

â â â  â â â â â â  â  abstract â  based on the recent literature of heterogeneous firms, productive firms self select themselves into foreign markets. in this framework, there is a productivity rise prior to exporting. on the other words, different export performance across firms is linked to their heterogeneity. â  the main purpose of the present paper is to examine the so-called hypothesis o...

Although the empirical pattern of industry shakeout has been documented for many manufacturing industries, we know little about the processes by which market structure evolves in non-manufacturing service industries. This paper establishes detailed empirical observations about the consolidation of a single non-manufacturing industry, the wholesale distribution of pharmaceuticals. These observat...

the concept of countervailing power is a term to describe the situation in which the market power of one side (sellers) may be balanced by the market power of another side(buyers) in a given market. the purpose of this paper is to test this hypothesis and to determine whether the market power of sellers has had a restraining influence on increases in buyer market power in iran’s large industrie...

The Iranian Environment Protection Agency (IEPA) in collaboration with Iranian Industries Organization (IIO) need to design a relevant database for the industries information based on the initial screening of Iranian Evaluator Team (IET) in certain clusters. However, we aware of this fact that all industrial projects should go through the Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) after and along wi...

In this study, results of the research into competitive manufacturing strategies of companies in four different sector studies covering 82 companies from the electronics, cement, automotive manufacturers, and appliances part and component suppliers in Turkey are presented. The data used in the study are gathered by conducting four sector surveys in 1997 and 1998 using a questionnaire supported ...

The Iranian construction industry is facing several problems including low productivity and immense housing scarcity. It is generally believed that industrialisation and offsite manufacturing can increase the productivity of the Iranian housing industry. Yet, one of the major issues of the Iranian construction industry is defective management during design and construction processes which has c...

In this paper, the Cox proportional hazard model is used to answer several questions. In general, fourteen variables are applied in four groups: firm, industry, expenditure human resources specific characteristics as well. According to the previous literature in this field, the findings of this paper also show that the factors which affect life duration of firms are different between industries...