life traumatic experiences are major health problems in different communities. early trauma exposures such as physical and sexual abuse, and midlife traumatic events like exposing to disasters are predisposing and precipitating risk factors for many psychiatric disorders, although many people facing to trauma may not show any problematic symptoms and are quite resilient. neuropsychiatric eviden...

ilia abu mazi lived in twentieth century and in the imitation toward to innovation era. although he did not have a deep philosophy in his poetry he outstripped thomas aquinas who lived in thirtieth century. this philosophy was one the most important ones in that era which the church had accepted it. abu mazi was completely pessimistic; although the life stream can destroy any thing in its way b...

Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) has been used widely in various psychiatric disorders like depression and schizophrenia. There have been some reports of its usefulness in alcohol dependence and substance use disorders. The present paper reviews the studies done using rTMS in substance use disorders including alcohol and nicotine dependence. Various studies done have been rev...

Abstract In this essay, I suggest that Spinoza acknowledges a distinction between formal reality is infinite and timelessly eternal non-infinite (i. e., finite or indefinite) non-eternal enduring). also argue if, in Spinoza’s system, only intelligible causation genuine causation, then infinite, cannot cause non-infinite, reality. A denial of eternal-durational generates puzzle, however: if no e...

repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rtms) has been used widely in various psychiatric disorders like depression and schizophrenia. there have been some reports of its usefulness in alcohol dependence and substance use disorders. the present paper reviews the studies done using rtms in substance use disorders including alcohol and nicotine dependence. various studies done have been rev...