Since early 1950s military coups were a frequent phenomenon in the Arab world. In consequence of that lot monarchies fell and they replaced with republics. fact, however, politics became dominated by violence regimes quickly oppressive dictatorships. The new governments made use pan-Arab ideology to legitimize their authority (which aimed at uniting Arabs from Morocco Iraq). small Hashemite Kin...

We study how well states translate public opinion into policy. Using national surveys and advances in subnational opinion estimation, we estimate state-level support for 39 policies across eight issue areas, including abortion, law enforcement, health care, and education. We show that policy is highly responsive to policy-specific opinion, even controlling for other influences. But we also unco...

Understanding the factors that promote, disrupt, or shape the nature of cooperation is one of the main tasks of evolutionary biology. Here, we focus on attitudes and beliefs supportive of in-group favoritism and strict adherence to moral consensus, collectively known as ideological rigidity, that have been linked with both ends of the political spectrum. The presence among the political right a...

Enteroviruses (EVs) are common seasonal viruses that are associated with a variety of diseases. High-quality monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) are needed to improve the accuracy of EV diagnosis in clinical laboratories. In the present study, the full-length VP1 genes of poliovirus 1 (Polio 1) and coxsackievirus B3 (Cox B3) were cloned, and the encoded proteins were expressed and used as antigens in ...

A simple and direct spectrophotometric methods for determination of zinc are based on reaction with azo dyes: 1-(2-pyridylazo)-2-naphtol (PAN) and Chromothrop 2B in the presence benzyldimethyldodecylammonium bromide (BDDABr) have been developed. Optimum concentrations of PAN, Chromothrop 2B, BDDABr and pH ensuring maximum absorbance were defined. The effect of foreign ions was elucidated. The c...