application of distributed generation (dg) units in distribution networks has increased in recent years. sizing and sitting of dg units are two important factors which should be considered, especially for reduction of power losses in distribution system. this paper presents a new approach for dg placement in distribution systems using the mixed integer nonlinear programming (minlp). this approa...

M(1)dG (3-(2'-deoxy-beta-d-erythro-pentofuranosyl)pyrimido[1,2-a]purin-10(3H)-one) lesions are mutagenic in bacterial and mammalian cells, leading to base substitutions (mostly M(1)dG to dT and M(1)dG to dA) and frameshift mutations. M(1)dG is produced endogenously through the reaction of peroxidation products, base propenal or malondialdehyde, with deoxyguanosine residues in DNA. The mutagenic...

Poly(dG-dC).poly(dG-dC) and poly(dG).poly(dC) were modified by treatment with N-acetoxy-N-2-acetylaminofluorene, and their conformations were examined by circular dichroism and susceptibility to nuclease S1 digestion. A sample of poly(dG-dC).poly(dG-dC) modified to an extent of 28% with acetylaminofluorene (AAF) at the C(8) position of the deoxyguanosine residues showed a circular dichroism spe...

The expression of homosynaptic long-term depression (LTD) is thought to mediate a crucial role in sustaining memory function. Our in vivo investigations of LTD expression at lateral (LPP) and medial perforant path (MPP) synapses in the dentate gyrus (DG) corroborate prior demonstrations that PP-DG LTD is difficult to induce in intact animals. In freely moving animals, LTD expression occurred in...

The human LARGE gene encodes a protein with two putative glycosyltransferase domains and is required for the generation of functional -dystroglycan ( -DG). Monoclonal antibodies IIH6 and VIA4-1 recognize the functional glycan epitopes of -DG that are necessary for binding to laminin and other ligands. Overexpression of full-length mouse Large generated functionally glycosylated -DG in Pro 5 Chi...

Chronic subcutaneous (s.c.) administration of D-galactose (DG) to BL/6J mice has been shown to induce oxidative stress and is considered a model to mimic accelerated ageing. Fructo-oligosaccharide (FO) is a well-defined prebiotic and its fermentation by lactic acid bacteria has been shown to exert antioxidative capacity. The present study was aimed to determine whether FO attenuated DG-induced ...

Receptors for basement membrane (BM) proteins, including dystroglycan (DG), coordinate tissue development and function by mechanisms that are only partially defined. To further elucidate these mechanisms, we generated a conditional knockout of DG in the epithelial compartment of the mouse mammary gland. Deletion of DG caused an inhibition of mammary epithelial outgrowth and a failure of lactati...

Objective(s): Ceftriaxone (Cef), a beta-lactam antibiotic, is accompanied by antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. It has been shown that Cef has beneficial effects on Alzheimer’s disease. In the current investigation, the effect of Cef in a mice model of aging was investigated. Materials and Methods: Forty male mice were equally...