Research on pre-task planning has revealed that planned conditions have produced more fluent and complex language than unplanned conditions. To date, most of these studies have investigated the effects of individual planning on language production while collaborative planning has received scant attention. To determine the effects of pre-task planning on second language written production, the p...

This study aims to examine a design of computer-supported collaborative learning environment featured by Knowledge Forum with embedded teacher-student codesigned scaffolds and group portfolios as an assessment tool for Chinese tertiary business students and to further investigate how academic literacy develops in the designed environment. Four intact classes with 127 Year 1 students participate...

The ability to use discourse markers (DMs) create cohesion and coherence of a text is essential for EFL learners at the university level express ideas thoughts in various types writing assignments, such as academic papers reflections. Hence, this study attempted shed more light on DMs non-academic writings Thai learners. main objective was investigate types, overall frequency, differences, simi...

To comprehensively examine the quality of argumentative writing, it is important to integrate aspects structure and substance. This study seeks foreground application Intellectual Standards (IS) as a core component writing process. The research aims determine argumentation in terms using TAP Toulmin concept substance IS. participants were 80 high school students Central Java, Indonesia. A mixed...

the present research aimed to examine the arguments and persuasion in the poems attributed to imam hussein's:therefore his word started to speak of the literal and idiomatic meaning of persuasion and has become increasingly important to discussion and study of  reasoning and persuasion in poems and its performance. it also to been studied main issues , in which attempts to accompany the au...