in the system of international law, individuals enjoy some rights and states are initially obliged to grant of these rights, especially in the field of human rights and humanitarian law. if this obligation is not fulfilled, the responsible state has to compensate the injured individuals based on special rules of treaty laws and general rules of international responsibility, including customary ...

Background This article looks at the long-term, structural determinants of environmental and public health performance in the world system.   Methods In multiple standard ordinary least squares (OLS) regression models, we tested the effects of 26 standard predictor variables, including the ‘four freedoms’ of goods, capital, labour and services, on the following indicators of sustainable develop...

background & purpose: promotion of postgraduate medical education (pgme) is constantly one of the main concerns’ for medical education policy makers because of the key role of residents and graduated specialists/subspecialists in health care system. this study aimed to determine challenges, and potential solutions for promoting the pgme in iran by exploring the expert’s implicit knowledge.  met...