This paper makes a theoretical critique of the concept of scientific knowledge. The classical conception of scientific knowledge has been discussed and analyzed in the first section. In the second section, emerging conception of the scientific knowledge has been explored. The author hopes to show on the basis of veritable critique from different philosophers of science as well as scientist (Kuh...

This paper is on the modeling of design knowledge. It introduces the concept of design graph grammars, which is an advancement of classical graph grammar approaches. Design graph grammars, as proposed here, provide an efficient concept to create and to manipulate structure models of technical systems. This is interesting from two points of view. Firstly, within many existing tools for design su...

Amarakośa is the most celebrated and authoritative ancient thesaurus of Sanskrit. It is one of the books which an Indian child learning through Indian traditional educational system memorizes as early as his first year of formal learning. Though it appears as a linear list of words, close inspection of it shows a rich organisation of words expressing various relations a word bears with other wo...

background : in spite of much literature written about the theory-practice gap in the international nursing journals, there is evidence that indicates this subject has not been probed comprehensively since nursing education was transferred to universities in iran.  in the recent years, the public and the government have criticized iranian nurses because of poor quality of patient care. although...

In the developed countries, many organizations are regarded a...