This article examines the determinants of private investment in Brazil from sectorial industry data for the period of 1996 to 2010. The series of gross fixed capital formation, commonly used in empirical studies of aggregate investment, eliminates irregular adjustments of individual production units due to the aggregation process. Using the industry’s sectorial data it is possible to avoid smoo...

this paper evaluates the real exchange rate fluctuations and uncertainties resulting from it, in the iranian economy. for this purpose, at first indirect effect of real exchange rate uncertainties on economic growth through foreign investment, private investment and exports are expressed, then the real exchange rate uncertainties and its relationship with economic growth and final pattern of in...

In portfolio selection models, uncertainty plays an important role. The parameter’s uncertainty leads to getting away from optimal solution so it is needed to consider that in models. In this paper we presented a two-stage robust model that in first stage determines the desired percentage of investment in each industrial group by using return and risk measures from different industries. One rea...

Recently, the economic crisis has resulted in instability in stock exchange market and this has caused high volatilities in stock value of exchanged firms. Under these conditions, considering uncertainty for a favorite investment is more serious than before. Multi-objective Portfolio selection (Return, Liquidity, Risk and Initial cost of Investment objectives) using MINMAX fuzzy goal programmin...

the aim of this research is to analyse of empirical relationship of fiscal policy and iranian trade account in the years 1338-1385(1959-2006). in and econometrics model the methods of engle and granger (1987), johansen (1988), ardl, pessaran and shin(1998), philips and hansen(1990), have been used to find out the effects of variables such as government expenditures(the component of public deman...

Technological innovation is vital to enhancing agricultural productivity and reducing poverty in many developing countries. Public investment in research and development has historically driven technological change in agriculture; however, recent trends suggest that the private sector may play a larger role in the future. Although there is optimism about the private sector’s ability to generate...