While the decline in real earnings growth and increase in inequality are well documented, less is known about changes in earnings and job instability. Do workers bear more employment-related financial risks than in previous decades? Have work hours and pay become increasingly sensitive to the labor market? Have labor market risks in North America been shifted from employers to workers? Has ther...

OBJECTIVES This study focused on social support and social strain and their cross-sectional associations with instabilities in sleep and social rhythms in inter-episode bipolar disorder (BD). METHODS Thirty-five adults diagnosed with inter-episode BD type I and 38 healthy controls completed measures of perceived social support and social strain. Group differences in support and strain were ex...

Instability, proxied by individual level data on satisfaction, is measured, its association with inequality is investigated, and the socio-economic determinants of overall satisfaction are modelled. A very recent national representative household survey (2002) with a module designed to serve this purpose has been the statistics source of this study. The results point to the role of income growt...

Modern-day economic and socio-cultural developments require people to be ever more specialized and mobile in their educational and professional choices. This is particularly relevant for ‘emerging adults’, that is to say, those who find themselves at that stage of life when their scholastic or university education ends, and they begin to make choices regarding their professional working life. T...

this paper presents a model of a catchment area in northwest of iran. the researchers have studied ajichai basin which is located in the east part of orumiyeh lake, located at the longitude of 47 52’ e to 45 32’ e and the latitude of 37 26’ n to 38 30’ n. the researchers have chosen the data from tabriz upper air station which is the only one in the area. the research data are seven instability...

Using data from the National Longitudinal Survey of Youth, the authors examined the health insurance coverage stability of 1,667 women in working families over a three-year period (1995-1997). Findings revealed that coverage instability is common. Nearly one-half of low-income women experienced health coverage instability over the three-year study period, and low-income women with poor educatio...

in this article, after examining the definitions of »political stability«, the impact of political stability and instability on development is explained. but, beyond the limited definition of political stability, its broad meaning, including social and political environment, is the major concern of this article. in order to realize development, it is necessary to have a calm and peaceful socio-...

Pair-bonded relationships form during periods of close spatial proximity and high sociosexual contact. Like other monogamous species, marmosets form new social pairs after emigration or ejection from their natal group resulting in periods of social isolation. Thus, pair formation often occurs following a period of social instability and a concomitant elevation in stress physiology. Research is ...