abstract this study investigates the teachers’ correction of students’ spoken errors of linguistic forms in efl classes, aiming at (a) examining the relationship between the learners’ proficiency level and the provision of corrective feedback types, (b) exploring the extent to which teachers’ use of different corrective feedback types is related to the immediate types of context in which err...

abstract since heubners (1985) pioneering study, there have been many studies on (mis) use/ non-use of articles by l2 learners from article-less and article languages. the present study investigated how persian l2 learners of english produce and interpret english definite descriptions and demonstrative descriptions. it was assumed that definite and demonstrative descriptions share the same cen...

abstract: the present study was undertaken to investigate whether 1) there is any significant correlation between iranian efl/eap learners’ l2 writing proficiency and their willingness to communicate, 2) there is any significant difference between efl and eap learners in terms of willingness to communicate, 3) there is any significant difference in wtc of iranian efl/eap learners with 1- nati...

ce travail retrace lhistoire de michel cousin, un statisticien troublé, qui cherche désespérément à combler le vide de son existence auquel fait écho la vacuité des relations. a défaut de trouver l’amour chez ses contemporains, il séprend dun python adulte capable de l’enlacer dans une puissante étreinte. mais la vie parisienne avec gros-câlin, son python de deux mètres vingt, ne va pas sans tr...

la notion d’équivalence est un concept clé de la pratique et de la théorie de la traduction. cependant, l’équivalence reste toujours une notion confuse. en effet, peu de chercheurs en théorie de la traduction continuent de nos jours à rechercher les principes de l’équivalence au niveau des signes de deux langues comme le faisait déjà sain augustin au quatrième siècle et comme le faisait encore,...

teachers’ beliefs greatly influence their performance in the classroom, their choice of instructional strategies, their way of controlling the class, their dealing with the students, and their general goals and objectives. one of these beliefs is teachers’ sense of efficacy which is viewed as an important construct and has shown to be positively correlated with students’ achievement (ross, 1992...

for several years, researchers in familiarity of efl teachers with post-method and its role in second and foreign language learners’ productions have pointed out that the opportunity to plan for a task generally develops language learners’ development (ellis, 2005). it is important to mention that the critical varies in language teaching was shown is the disappearances of the concept of method ...

فرض کنیمg یک گروه غیر آبلی متناهی باشد . گراف جابجایی g که با نماد نمایش داده می شود ،گرافی است ساده با مجموعه رئوس که در آن دو راس با یک یال به هم وصل می شوند اگر و تنها اگر . مکمل گراف جابجایی g راگراف نا جابجایی g می نامیم.و با نماد نشان می دهیم. گرافهای جابجایی و ناجابجایی یک گروه متناهی ،اولین بار توسطاردوش1 مطرح گردید ،ولی در سالهای اخیر به طور مفصل در مورد بحث و بررسی قرار گرفتند . در ،م...

cette étude tente d’étudier et de comprendre le rôle que joue l’empathie en enseignement. lempathie y est observée en tant que modèle de communication entre l’enseignant et l’élève. de façon générale, lempathie permet dassouplir les échanges entre les personnes. dans un contexte éducatif, la qualité de la communication est associée à un vécu relationnel plus harmonieux et à un meilleur climat d...