This paper examines the necessity of regulating the Iranian card payments system (SHAPARAK) based on the theory of two-sided markets. The expansion of the payment card system in recent years has arisen some questions regarding the role of all kinds of costs and expenses such as interchange fees, cardholder fees, merchant fees, and network externality in balancing the market. Since there is only...

Due to today’s advancement in technology and businesses, fraud detection has become a critical component of financial transactions. Considering vast amounts of data in large datasets, it becomes more difficult to detect fraud transactions manually. In this research, we propose a combined method using both data mining and statistical tasks, utilizing feature selection, resampling and cost-...

Small units like chip cards have the possibility of computing, storing and protecting data. Today such chip cards have limited computing power, then some cryptoprotocols are too slow. Some new chip cards with secure fast coprocessors are coming but are not very reliable at the moment and a little bit expensive for some applications. In banking a p plications there are few servers (ATM) relative...

Mobile search has recently been shown to be the major contributor to the growing search market. The key difference between mobile search and desktop search is that information presentation is limited to the screen space of the mobile device. Thus, major search engines have adopted a new type of search result presentation, known as information cards, in which each card presents summarized result...

In this paper we look at the application of ICTs to the improvement of state-citizen relations in a developing country context. Our argument is that, to maximise responsiveness of the government, ICTs need to target the structural problems in state-citizen relations, from which unresponsiveness of the state to citizens is generated. Failure, as portrayed here, arises from the fact that ICTs, ra...