Shortenings are a mixture of one or more vegetable edible oil with partial hydrogenation in mixed with or without animal fat. In this study, three formulations of shortenings, with the best commercial and technological properties were prepared. Increasing consumption of shortenings at the human daily diet, with low adverse coronary effects in human daily diet, three formulations prepared using ...

In this paper we derive the maximum likelihood problem for missing data from a Gaussian model. We present in total eight different equivalent formulations of the resulting optimization problem, four out of which are nonlinear least squares formulations. Among these formulations are also formulations based on the expectation-maximization algorithm. Expressions for the derivatives needed in order...

Objective(s): The purpose of the present study was to prepare and to evaluate a novel niosome as transdermal drug delivery system for propranolol hydrochloride and to compare the in vitro efficiency of niosome by either thin film hydration or hand shaking method. Materials and Methods: Niosomes were prepared by Thin Film Hydration (TFH) or Hand Shaking (HS) method. Propranolol niosomes were pre...

Objective(s): Folate-targeted liposomes have been well considered in folate receptor (FR) overexpressing cells including MCF-7 and 4T1 cells in vitro and in vivo. The objective of this study is to design an optimum folate targeted liposomal formulations which show the best liposome cell uptake to tumor cells.Material and Methods: In this study, we prepared and characterized different targ...

The current paper outlines a new algorithm, which is used to determine the exact solutions of ODEs and the similarity transformations of PDEs whose the invariant groups are known. Three groups of formulations (named by HAMAD Formulations) are presented: (I) Formulations for the exact solutions of ODE. (II) Formulations for similarity transformations of PDEs contains two independent variables. (...

In this paper we derive the maximum likelihood problem for missing data from a Gaussian model. We present in total eight di erent equivalent formulations of the resulting optimization problem, four out of which are nonlinear least squares formulations. Among these formulations are also formulations based on the expectation-maximization algorithm. Expressions for the derivatives needed in order ...

     Thimerosal, which is approximately 50% mercury by weight is a preservative widely used in vaccines since the 1930’s. It meets the requirements for a preservative as set forth by Pharmacopeia challenge test and has been shown to be effective against a broad spectrum of pathogens. In July 1999, the Public Health Service agencies and vaccine manufacturers agreed that thimerosal should be redu...

     The topical delivery of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDS) such as Ibuprofen has been explored as a potential method of avoiding the first pass effects and the gastric irritation, which may occur when used orally. Ibuprofen is formulated into many topical preparations to reduce the adverse effects and simultaneously avoid the hepatic first-pass metabolism as well. However, it i...

     The topical delivery of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDS) such as Ibuprofen has been explored as a potential method of avoiding the first pass effects and the gastric irritation, which may occur when used orally. Ibuprofen is formulated into many topical preparations to reduce the adverse effects and simultaneously avoid the hepatic first-pass metabolism as well. However, it i...

This paper explores the mathematical formulations of Fick and MaxwellStefan diffusion in the context of polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cell cathode gas diffusion layers. Formulations of diffusion combined with mass-averaged Darcy flow are considered for three component gases. Fick formulations can be considered as approximations of Maxwell-Stefan in a certain sense. For this application, the...