In addition to the intentional teaching of knowledge and skills by surgeons to their trainees and protégés is the unintended, often unrealized transmission of implicit beliefs, attitudes, and behaviors through a process called the hidden curriculum. The hidden curriculum is a function of implicit values held by the institution as a whole, and the individual surgical educators and allied health ...

BACKGROUND Major curriculum reform of undergraduate medical education occurred during the past decades in the United Kingdom (UK); however, the effects of the hidden curriculum, which influence the choice of primary care as a career, have not been sufficiently recognized. While Japan, where traditionally few institutions systematically foster primary care physicians and very few have truly embr...

One objective of DARPA's Bootstrapped Learning (BL) program is to develop a general electronic student (e-student) that makes use of machine learning algorithms to learn from the kind of fo-cused instruction typically provided by a human teacher. Over the course of the program, such a student was developed and trained against a number of learning challenges codified in electronic curricula span...