Data from a small cylindrical culture unit with variable annular culture chambers indicate that (i) the rate of oxygen evolution by an algal culture in the linear phase of growth is a logarithmic function of light intensity, and (ii) the rate of oxygen evolution per unit volume of suspension is linearly related to the reciprocal of culture thickness. These two relationships have been combined i...

All-optical switching based on a subwavelength metallic grating structure containing nonlinear optical materials has been proposed and numerically investigated. Metal-dielectric composite material is used in the switching for its larger third-order nonlinear susceptibility (approximately 10(-7)esu) and ultrafast response properties. The calculated dependence of the signal light intensity on the...

We examined on 56 (age 38+/-2 [range: 16-60] years) healthy subjects the effects of aging on cardiovascular autonomic responses to progressive supine bicycle exercise of light intensity. Autoregressive spectral analysis of RR interval and systolic arterial pressure (SAP) variabilities provided measures of the exercise-induced changes in baroreflex gain (by index alpha) and in sympathetic and va...

The enhanced room-temperature photoluminescence of porous Si nanowire arrays and its mechanism are investigated. Over 4 orders of magnitude enhancement of light intensity is observed by tuning their nanostructures and surface modification. It is concluded that the localized states related to Si-O bonds and self-trapped excitations in the nanoporous structures are attributed to the strong light ...

A new and general approach enabling us to amplify not only the bandgap emission of ZnO nanorods but also the defect emission of Al(2)O(3) is proposed. The light intensity of the band edge emission of ZnO nanorods can be improved by as much as 19 times after the decoration of Al(2)O(3) layers. Moreover, white light emission arising from Al(2)O(3) defects in ZnO/Al(2)O(3) nanostructures also show...

We studied experimentally the dependence of light emission and phase space boundaries of air bubbles in water on the level of degassing down to low partial pressures of 15 mmHg. We found that the maximum obtainable light intensity increased monotonically by lowering the concentration of dissolved air in water. We also present a new technique to obtain the acoustic pressure (P(a)) and ambient ra...

During upward geotropic orientation upon a vertical plate the slug Agriolimax creeps vertically, in darkness. Horizontal light from one side produces orientation of dark-adapted slugs away from the vertical path, through an angle (beta). The magnitude of this angle is a function of the light intensity and of time. The moderately rapid course of light adaptation is followed by measurements of be...

In the transient receptor potential (trp) mutant of Drosophila, the receptor potential appears almost normal in response to a flash but quickly decays to baseline during prolonged illumination. Photometric and early receptor potential measurements of the pigment suggest that the pigment is normal and that the decay of the trp response during illumination does not arise from a reduction in the a...