abstract the first purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of consciousness-raising (c-r) activities on learning grammatical structures (simple present tense in this case) by iranian guidance school efl learners. the second one was to investigate the effect of gender on learning the simple present tense through c-r activities and tasks. finally, this study aimed to investigate the ...

abstract the current study set out to address the issue as to whether the implementation of portfolio assessment would give rise to iranian pre-intermediate efl learner autonomy. participants comprised 60 female in pre-intermediate level within the age range of 16-28.they were selected from among 90 language learners based on their scores on language proficiency test -key english test. then, t...

the effect of learning strategies on the speaking ability of iranian students in the context of language institutes abstract language learning strategies are of the most important factors that help language learners to learn a foreign language and how they can deal with the four language skills specifically speaking skill effectively. acknowledging the great impact of learning strategies...

in fact, this study focused on the following questions: 1. is there any difference between the effect of functional/notional approach and the structural approaches to language teaching on the proficiency test of efl learners? 2. can a rather innovative language test referred to as "functional test" ge devised so so to measure the proficiency test of efl learners, and thus be as much reliable an...

abstractof two mcall programs introducing 100 vocabulary items through two im the researcher of the present study was intrigued to compare the effects age modalities (pictures and streaming video) with those of a conventional method (teacher instruction) in an efl context. she set out to investigate whether such multimedia environments could provide a more effective environment for vocabulary...

Objectives Balance maintenance is one of the indices of determining independence in older people. Identifying other factors that have considerable impact on the independence of older peoples is an interesting research topic. The present study aims at determining the effect of Neurofeedback and Mental Motor Imagery practices on balance in the elderly. Methods & Materials The population of this ...

The present study aimed at investigating the effect of mental kinestick imagery on athletic confidence. The population of this quasi-experimental study comprised the whole amateur basketball players. Available sampling was used as the instrument, such that 30 physical education students from Islamic Azad University of Kermanshah volunteered to participate in this study. They were classified int...

Aims: One of the most important causes of mortality in the world is cardiovascular disease. Biological backgrounds and physical risk factors, types of stress and distress, ineffective interaction strategies, stressful life events, as well as low levels of resiliency contribute to the start and severity of the disease. The present research tends to compare the effectiveness of Acceptance and Com...

Objective: This study aimed to compare the effects of choice theory therapy and behavioral activation (BA) therapy with and without guided mental imagery on resilience in substance-dependent adolescents. Method: The present study was quasi-experimental with pretest-posttest design with a control group. The study sample included 60 substance-dependent adolescents who were selected by convenience...