It is widely believed that urban ecological landscape regards the city to be an ecosystem built by human activities and supported by natural and man-made functions and processes over time. In the past, human communities have selected their residing places and designed their cities by paying attention to natural environmental resources. The profound influence of technology and industry has broug...

Urban areas confront with increases in air pollution because of increasing urbanization, expanding the use of vehicles and development of economic activities. In this research carbon monoxide concentration as a pollutant analyzed and modeled within highways in Tehran. In this regards factors affecting the concentration of atmospheric pollutants analyzed on the basis of geometric, atmospheric an...

many researchers and experts have emphasized on the importance of confidence in society; urban management and in particular, municipality as one of the largest social organizations could be more effective and productive in the case of gaining the trust of citizens as social and intellectual capital and use it in the organizational goals and urban development the main issue addressed in this res...

human habitat change is a complicated issue that many factors play different roles in its formation and distribution. considering this complication, a more comprehensive and holistic approach is needed for a better understanding and management of those factors. the causal frameworks are among systemic and integrated methods for addressing the causes of environmental problems and the relationshi...

establishing equilibrium in various regions of a town is normally considered to be the main aims of all municipalities and the urban governance policies of the related organizations. but in spite of the elementary goals of urban renewal policies, some of the urban renovation projects lead to inverse consequences like urban gentrification or spatial segregation in urban areas. for analyzing such...

the pattern of governance is a new topic which has found its traces in urban management, and has the features of continuance, decision making, justice, efficiency, effectiveness, clarity, accountability, partnership, and immunity, all of which are interdependent and empowering. according to this pattern, decisions about civil affairs are taken with the cooperation of government, private sectors...