A single overlay plaque assay was designed and evaluated for infectious hematopoietic necrosis virus. Epithelioma papillosum carpio cells were grown in normal atmosphere with tris(hydroxymethyl)aminomethane- or HEPES (N-2-hydroxyethylpiperazine-N'-2-ethanesulfonic acid)-buffered media. Plaques were larger and formed more quickly on 1- to 3-day-old cell monolayers than on older monolayers. Cell ...

Proteins and polysaccharides are common ingredients in food products. In many food formulations, proteins and polysaccharides (two major biopolymers) are used simultaneously. Understanding their interactions can help controlling physical properties and stability of formulated foods. Interactions between β-lactoglobulin (BLG) and tragacanth gum (TG) were studied in aqueous solutions at pH rangin...

a study was conducted to determine the efficacy of esterified glucomannan, sodium bentonite and humic acid, in counteracting the toxic effects of aflatoxin in experimentally contaminated diets (254ppbaf) fed to broiler chickens. 7-day-old male broiler chicks of similar weight were randomly assigned to one of the nine dietary treatments with four replicates of 12 chicks each. chicks were grouped...

C-reactive protein (CRP), an acute-phase reactant, is present in atherosclerotic human arterial intima in association with lipids. In the present work we studied interactions between CRP and LDL on microtitre wells, where either CRP or LDL was immobilized. LDL was modified by vortex-mixing, oxidation, or by lipolysis with phospholipase A(2) or with sphingomyelinase or a combination of trypsin a...

We examined brain phospholipid metabolism in mice in which the cytosolic phospholipase A(2) (cPLA(2,) Type IV, 85 kDa) was knocked out (cPLA(2)(-/-) mice). Compared with controls, these mice demonstrated altered brain concentrations of several phospholipids, reduced esterified linoleate, arachidonate, and docosahexaenoate in choline glycerophospholipid, and reduced esterified arachidonate in ph...

Using the Chinese hamster ovary cell line, 25-RA, we have demonstrated that lipoprotein-derived cholesterol and endogenously synthesized cholesterol are selectively differentiated with respect to their cellular locations. These cells lack sterol-mediated regulation, spontaneously storing large amounts of esterified cholesterol, which turns over with a half-time of 7.5 h. When [3H]cholesterol wa...

The ability of high density lipoproteins (HDL) to induce the clearance of cholesteryl esters from cultured cells has been explored. Studies using the J774 mouse macrophage cell line showed that these cells are not stimulated to clear esterified cholesterol upon exposure to HDL. This was observed over a wide range of HDL concentrations (10 to 1000 micrograms/ml HDL protein), and the lack of stim...