the study of virtual water and water productivity in agricultural crops requires the establishment of relations where represent the actual amount of water in order to produce the respective crop. this feature presents a new approach in studies regarding agricultural ecology. this survey evaluates the virtual water, water productivity and ecological water footprint of wheat and corn fields in th...

The purpose of this research was to analyzing the perception and technical knowledge of wheat farmers in shoushtar township, Khouzestan province, Iran regarding organic farming products. The research method employed was correlative-descriptive. The population consisted of wheat farmers in Shoushtar township Khuzestan Province of Iran. A random sample of wheat farmers (n = 163) was selected. The...

The Inland Pacific Northwest (IPNW) encompasses 1. 6 million cropland hectares and is a major wheat-producing area in the western United States. The climate throughout the region is semi-arid, making the availability of water a significant challenge for IPNW agriculture. Much attention has been given to uncovering the effects of water stress on the physiology of wheat and the dynamics of its so...

efficient use of inputs and energy resources is one of the most important principals of sustainable agriculture. for this purpose, water and energy productivity of irrigated agroecosystems of major crops in kermanshah province were evaluated. the data was collected via questionnaire through face to face interview of 180 farmers of this province during summer 2010. results showed that water prod...

a field experiment was conducted at the seed and plant improvement institute research field station in karaj, iran, during the 2009-10 and 2010-11 growing seasons to estimate genetic progress and the variation in penological and agronomic characteristics in 13 irrigated facultative/winter bread wheat (triticum aestivum l.) cultivars released in iran between 1943 and 2011. trends of temporal var...

Quantitative Microbial Risk Assessment (QMRA) models with 10,000 Monte Carlo simulations were applied to ascertain the risks of rotavirus and Ascaris infections for farmers using different irrigation water qualities and consumers of lettuce irrigated with the different water qualities after allowing post-harvest handling. A tolerable risk (TR) of infection of 7.7 x 10(-4) and 1 x 10(-2) per per...

This study examines the water productivity of irrigated wheat and maize yields in Karkheh River Basin (KRB) in the semi-arid region of Iran using a coupled modeling approach consisting of the hydrological model (SWAT) and the river basin water allocation model (MODSIM). Dynamic irrigation requirements instead of constant time series of demand were considered. As the cereal production of KRB pla...

In Egypt, recent shortfalls in the wheat supply from Russia and Ukraine have necessitated substantial increases domestic production. As agricultural practices influence yield of bread wheat, we assessed current production strategies wheat-based systems Egypt investigated their effects on productivity four study areas Nile Delta. We used a multi-stage random sampling technique to select 246 whea...