Influenza vaccines have long been manufactured in embryonated chicken eggs. This method has some problems such as a production period (about 6 months) and use of large amounts infectious pathogens. Recently, the recombinant subunit using baculovirus–insect cell system extensively investigated. In this system, viral immunodominant components can be produced more rapidly larger scale than convent...

Western blotting (immunoblotting) of Cowdria ruminantium antigens with goat or mouse antiserum identified a periodate-resistant, proteinase K-sensitive immunodominant antigen of 32,000 daltons. This protein, designated Cr32, could be demonstrated in goat choroid plexus infected with one of two different Cowdria stocks. Antisera against nine different Cowdria stocks from Africa and the Caribbean...

background : cryptosporidium parvum is a ubiquitous protozoan, which develops within the microvillous membrane of enterocytes in a wide variety of vertebrates, including man. cryptosporidiosis is an important parasite causing severe diseases in the immunodeficient people especially aids patients. cryptosporidiosis has been also reported as a com-mon serious primary cause of outbreaks of diarrhe...

Lime witches’ broom phytoplasma (16SrII, LWB) causes major losses to lime cultivation in Iran. The role of its immunodominant membrane protein (IMP) in the specific interaction with vector proteins was addressed. The carboxy terminal moiety of LWB IMP, coding the extracellular part of the protein, was expressed (LWB f∆IMP) as a tool to study IMP interactions with insect proteins. In preliminary...

A 60-kilodalton (kDa) immunodominant antigen of Legionella pneumophila is a heat shock protein (HSP) of the GroEL class of HSPs. The gene (htpB) coding the 60-kDa protein was localized to a 3.2-kilobase DNA fragment of L. pneumophila cloned into pUC19 (pSH16) (P. S. Hoffman, C. A. Butler, and F. D. Quinn, Infect. Immun. 57:1731-1739, 1989). The nucleotide sequence of the DNA fragment cloned int...

Mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis is the causative agent of Johne's disease, a chronic enteritis in ruminants. A gene homologous to that of 35-kDa antigen of Mycobacterium leprae was cloned and sequenced from Mycobacterium paratuberculosis. The database searches revealed 82.79% and 95.67% similarities of its nucleotide sequence, with those of immunodominant 35-kDa protein of M. le...

Background: Multiple sclerosis (MS) is the most common autoimmune disease of the central nervous system (CNS). The main cause of the MS is yet to be revealed, but the most probable theory is based on the molecular mimicry that concludes some infections in the activation of T cells against brain auto-antigens that initiate the disease cascade.Objectives: The Purpose of this research is the...

Objective(s):Typhoid fever is a dreadful disease of a major threat to public health in developing countries. Vaccination with bacterial immunodominant components such as surface proteins may prove as a potent alternative to live attenuated vaccines. InvH, an important part of needle complex in type three secretion system (TTSS) plays important role in efficient bacterial adherence and entry int...