THE IMPORTANCE OF FAMILY DATA The study of Genetic Epidemiology has historically focused on the inheritance of genetic factors and phenotypes within families. In fact, much of genetics involves the study of patterns of familial resemblance and identifying the factors that explain the observed patterns. However, in recent years the most common study design for investigating the genetic determina...

A new test of inheritance, S, is proposed, which uses information from affected as well as unaffected siblings in the fam­ ily. The siblings are analyzed in terms of similarities of haplotypes. The distribution of the proposed S­test is derived under the null hypothesis of random inheritance. Mean and variance are obtained for the distribution. The test is then applied to data sets publ...

BACKGROUND Transposition of the great arteries (TGA) is considered to be associated only rarely with genetic syndromes and to have a low risk of precurrence among relatives of affected patients. Because most family studies have involved a relatively small number of patients and evaluated all types of TGA as a single group, we performed a large, prospective study investigating the precurrence of...

OBJECTIVE The identification of neurobiological intermediate phenotypes may hasten the search for susceptibility genes in complex psychiatric disorders such as schizophrenia. Earlier family studies have suggested that deficits in executive cognition and working memory may be related to genetic susceptibility for schizophrenia, but the biological basis for this behavioral phenotype has not been ...

This paper describes an empirical investigation into method calls between classes at each level of the inheritance hierarchy in four, Java open source systems. We distinguish between method calls made to super classes in the hierarchy and external method calls made outside the line of super classes to the root. The premise on which the research rests is that classes should predominantly make us...

Rare dominant genes with high penetrance can be identified by linkage without inbreeding, whereas rare recessive genes with high penetrance are most efficiently recognized by autozygosity mapping of homozygotes in pedigrees with preferential inbreeding. On the contrary, complex inheritance is characterized by common genes with low penetrance, for which family studies and inbreeding are ineffici...

To the Editor:-Pedigree or family studies of stuttering have shown increased risks among relatives, but they have not distinguished between the importance of genetic and shared environmental influences. Twin studies that are free of ascertainment bias can distinguish between these causes, but previous twin studies on clinical samples have properly not sought to distinguish. We report data from ...

Using family data (either sibships, nuclear families, or extended pedigrees) to test models of inheritance is the essence of human genetics. The rigor and precision of this testing process can range from a strictly observational process (eliminating simple single-locus models one at a time on individual pedigrees) through formal tests of hypotheses about the expected proportion of affected sibs...