optimization of training results and improvement of response requires selecting appropriate stimulus and are goals of any training program. it seems that ischemic-reperfusion preconditioning (irpc) can be a suitable stimulus to increase submaximal contractile responses. therefore, this study aimed at investigating the effect of ischemic-reperfusion preconditioning and remote preconditioning (ir...

In current design practice, spatiotemporally varying wind loads on buildings are modeled as equivalent static wind loads. This loading description serves as pivotal information for estimating response under the combined action of wind and other loads. This paper presents a framework for evaluating the equivalent static wind load for any given peak response of buildings with uncoupled responses ...

Optimization of the sectional wing in ground effect (WIG) has been studied using ahigh order numerical procedure and response surface method (RSM). Initially, the effects of the ground clearance, angle of attack, thickness, and camber of wing have been investigated by a high-resolutionscheme, which is highlystrong and accurate. In the numerical simulation, Normalized Variable Diagram (NVD) sche...

this paper examines differences in performances of a range of torsionally stiff and flexible single story buildings designed with the provisions of iranian standard 2800. seismic nonlinear dynamic time history behavior of eight building models subjected to seven horizontal bi-directional design spectra compatible ground motions are investigated. these models cover a wide range of very torsional...

Structural walls commonly used as efficient structural elements to resist lateral and vertical loads. Diverse performance of bearing wall system in past earthquakes, motivates investigation on the adequacy of current seismic design provision for these walls. This study considers seismic performance of model walls of bearing wall and building frame systems designed as ordinary and special struct...

A review of previous studies shows that there are two general views on how to determine demand in structures through incremental nonlinear static analysis. In the first view, multi-modal methods are used to determine demand in structures. In this view, the applied load pattern is applied to the structure according to the shape of each vibration mode, assuming that the structure deformation foll...

Rooted in structural dynamics theory, two approximate procedures for estimating peak responses of linearly elastic “ordinary” bridges crossing fault-rupture zones are presented: response spectrum analysis �RSA� procedure and a linear static analysis procedure. These procedures estimate the peak response by superposing peak values of quasi-static and dynamic responses. The peak quasi-static resp...