We analyse congestion pricing in a road and rail network, where the two modes are imperfect substitutes. On the road there is bottleneck congestion; in each train there is crowding congestion. We model two dimensions of preference heterogeneity, where these two dimensions have opposite effects on the welfare impact of congestion pricing and lead to different distributional effects. The distribu...

The distinctive characteristics of WSN such as for instance coherent nature of traffic to base station that happens through its many-to-one topology and collision in physical channel are main factors behind congestion in wireless sensor networks. Also when sensor nodes inject sensory data into network the congestion is possible. Congestion affects the continuous flow of data, loss of informatio...

Networked Infrastructure systems deliver services and/or products from point to point along the network. Demand for the services provided by such systems is typically cyclic, creating inefficiencies in capacity utilization. Congestion pricing provides incentives to shift demand from peak time periods to lower demand periods. This effectively increases the capacity of the system without the need...

ninety percent of road traffic deaths occur in low- and middle-income countries, which claim less than half the world's registered vehicle fleet. iran and georgia have a strategic position in the region and as a bridge connect europe to asia. almost all over the world countries are planning and implementing solutions to stop tsunami of road accidents. in this paper the main challenges of r...

To get rid of problematic reports of H. pylori colonization, clinicians’ optimal goal should be to totally bacterial elimination from clinical and environmental samples. 

Background. The No Return Point hypothesis is one of the research areas that has been done in line with the motor program. In this hypothesis emphasized an inability to inhibition move after its start by the motor program. Several factors are affecting the mechanism of this inhibition. Objectives. In this study, we investigate the effects of audio and visual stimuli on blocking quick moves to ...

Drivers in urban neighborhoods who patrol streets, seeking inexpensive on-street parking create a significant fraction of measured traffic congestion. The pool of drivers patrolling at any time can be modeled as a queue, where ‘queue service’ is the act of parking in a recently vacated parking space and queue discipline is SIRO – Service In Random Order. We develop a queueing model of such driv...