Parathyroid adenomas, or hyperplasia may be present in patients with hypercalcemia. Treatment Is by surgical excision, but about 10% of the lesions may be In ectopic locations. Pre-operative localization of the lesions with non-lvasive imaging, using radionuclides, ultrasound, CT, or MR], may simplify surgery, and reduce patient morbidity. However, the reports of the accuracy of the curre...

The excessive focus on water mounts a challenge to the sustainable development. Energy is another aspect that should be taken into account. Nexus approach is characterized by an equal emphasis on energy and water spheres. In arid areas, like the city of Kashan, Iran, non-conventional waters (e.g. desalinated and recycled waters) have been considered as an alternative resource of water. Nexus wa...

The stress on an engineering structure tends to be random and is usually assumed Gaussian or weakly non-Gaussian. In some situations, the power spectrum of also exhibits two distinct peaks in a bimodal profile. This study focuses fatigue damage estimation softening non-Gaussian processes (kurtosis >3) with emphasis spectral methods. Several classical methods for problems newly developed method ...

Municipal solid waste management is a major challenge, especially in metropolises. This research focuses on a non-technical issue in municipal solid waste management named municipal solid waste separation at the source and seeks to find the best policy in terms of model results. Source separation for recycling has been recognized as a way to achieve sustainable municipal solid waste (MSW) manag...

An introduction to robotic surgery is given, together with a classification of the range of systems available with their problems and benefits. The potential for a new class of robot system, called a hands-on robot is then discussed. The hands-on robotic system, which is called Acrobot , is then presented for total knee replacement (TKR) surgery and for uni-condylar knee replacement (UKR) surge...