this research is about the political economy of china in central asia. in this research the political & economic interactions affected on chinas political economy in central asia are examined. chinas goal of presence in central asia including political-security, economic and energy goals is described in one part. in another part, the trade relations between china and central asian countries ar...

abstract ion selective electrodes (ises) are electrochemical sensors that respond selectivity to the activity of ionic species. an ion-selective electrode is an electrochemical device that uses a thin selective membrane or film as the recognition element, and is an electrochemical half-cell equivalent to other half-cells of the zeroth (inert metal in a redox electrolyte). in common methods o...

Earthworms are considered as one of the soil quality and health indicators. In order to evaluate the effects of earthworms activity on some soil biological quality indicators, an experiment was carried out in greenhouse conditions with different organic materials including trees’ pruning waste compost (PWC), wheat straw (WS), herbal extracts waste (HEW), trees’ pruning waste (PW) in...

This study aimed to investigate macroinvertebrates biodiversity indices in Chalus River in Mazandaran province and the impact of spring floods on these indices during spring and summer in 2015. Environmental parameters including daily discharge data during 2014-2015, temperature, dissolved oxygen, nitrate, phosphate, pH, TDS and EC were measured in river branches and main channel of the river a...

abstract u.s. attack to afghanistan after 9/11 provided opportunities for us who tried to become the dominant power after collapse of ussr and bipolar world. thinkers like fukuyama believed american liberal democrats thought would be universally accepted without resistances. liberal democracy is the best and final model of governance; in this regard, united state has moral responsibilities for...