Considering the paramount importance of writing logical arguments for college students, this study investigated the effect of dynamic assessment (DA) of Toulmin model through teacher- and collective-scaffolding on argument structure and overall quality of argumentative essays of Iranian EFL university learners. In so doing, 45 male and female Iranian EFL learners taking part in the study were r...

Collective agency (CA) can be defined as the shared understanding, will, and ability of a heterogenous group to take action work together toward common goal. We are motivated by premise that CA is central meeting challenges inherent 21st century food systems. These include maintaining sustainable agricultural production nutritional needs growing population while protecting climate, wildlife, so...

abstractin the present study, attempt has been made to examine the effectiveness of peer and teacher scaffolding in reading comprehension of intermediate efl students in symmetrical and asymmetrical groups. to do so, sixty intermediate students were purposively selected out of 150 intermediate students in hamadan islamic azad university and kish language institute in hamadan. they were divided ...

This article reports on a case study that explored the process of wiki-based collaborative writing in a small group of English as a Foreign Language (EFL) students at a Chinese university. The study examined the archived logs from the group wiki “Discussion” and “History” modules with a focus on the group members’ scaffolded interaction when co-constructing texts in the wiki space. The analysis...

This support paper builds a theoretical model upon which computer platforms for cultural institutions can be based upon. It analyses three landmark models in the Computer Science history that were capable of harnessing the Collective Intelligence present on gravitating communities. Afterwards, conclusions are drawn regarding their effectiveness in leveraging communities. Instructional Scaffoldi...

Gender is considered a sociological construct and investigating the role of gender in foreign language learning contexts is highly important due to the effects of sociological factors in learning. Therefore, the present study set out to explore the sociological effects of peer and teacher scaffolding through the process approach in a technology-enhanced environment on the vocabulary learning of...

AbstractIn the present study, attempt has been made to examine the effectiveness of peer and teacher scaffolding in reading comprehension of intermediate EFL students in symmetrical and asymmetrical groups. To do so, sixty intermediate students were purposively selected out of 150 intermediate students in Hamadan Islamic Azad University and Kish Language Institute in Hamadan. They were divided ...

Scaffolding and shadowing techniques have been shown to improve language learners’ reading comprehension. However, little attention has been paid to the comparative effectiveness of these techniques. This study investigated the effect of three selected scaffolding techniques (peer scaffolding, distributed scaffolding, and reciprocal scaffolding) versus three types of shadowing (complete shadowi...

Along with online education and emergency remote teaching trends during the COVID-19 pandemic, collective scaffolding within virtual collaboration in an academic writing course is still under investigation. To fill gap, this present study explored to what extent provided collaborative helped learners complete tasks examined EFL university students’ responses learning activity. Guided by a quali...