نتایج جستجو برای: Real national income
تعداد نتایج: 996914 فیلتر نتایج به سال:
this paper investigates the effect of exchange rate uncertainty on the iran’s import trade. the exchange rate uncertainty series were generated utilizing the tarch model. this model analyzes the asymmetric effects. the analysis of uncertainty and asymmetry of the exchange rate shows significant tarch effect on iran’s exchange rates. the findings of the study indicate negative shocks (bad ne...
This paper investigates the effect of exchange rate uncertainty on the Iran’s import trade. The exchange rate uncertainty series were generated utilizing the TARCH model. This model analyzes the asymmetric effects. The analysis of uncertainty and asymmetry of the exchange rate shows significant TARCH effect on Iran’s exchange rates. The findings of the study indicate negative shocks (bad ne...
nowadays,tourism industry considered as one of the main sources of income of a country.unfortunately and despite of owning plenty of cultural historical and natural attractions, iran has not reached to a proper position in this field. besides, the historical cities of a country are considered as the income resource and national wealth of it. qazvin with a rich cultural precedent, have suitable ...
The purpose of this study is to calculate tax evasion based on the income of legal entities and to examine its stability, which has been done by estimating the Tanzi monetary demand function during 1370-1397. The demand function included the ratio of currency holdings to supply of money as a dependent variable and the tax variables of legal entities, the ratio of wages and salaries to national...
The investigation of determinants in Gross National Saving behavior especially effect of corruption, is one of the important issues in macroeconomics literature. For this purpose, we use the corruption perception index in dynamic panel data approach (Arellano and Bond Method). The Empirical results indicate that the corruption perception index (reduction of corruption) has positive and signifi...
This article discusses the problem of compiling a balanced set of national accounts at constant prices. The method adopted is based on earlier work on this subject by Burge and Geary. Commodity flows, which are uniquely deflatable, are expressed at constant prices and savings in constant prices is obtained by preserving a balanced set of equations in real terms. The deflation of the external ac...
This paper considers the relationship between government growth and real GDP per capita by developing models of federal legislative output in Australia since 1901. Growth in legislation is found to be negatively related to growth in real income per capita in the short-run, implying that legislation responds to temporary economic shocks, but without a robust long-run relationship with the level ...
GDP growth is often measured poorly for countries and rarely measured at all for cities or subnational regions. We propose a readily available proxy: satellite data on lights at night. We develop a statistical framework that uses lights growth to augment existing income growth measures, under the assumption that measurement error in using observed light as an indicator of income is uncorrelated...
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