APG2 is a computer application designed for amphibole-plagioclase geothermobarometry. It is the first updated version of APG and supports 4 thermometer models and 6 barometer models involving either amphibole-plagioclase or amphibole only. APG2 has capability to integrate all 4 thermometer models with 6 barometer models and produce 24 different states which user can export them all at once to a...

At least three transport systems function in targeting nuclear-encoded chloroplast proteins to the chloroplast thylakoid membrane. One of these systems requires a thylakoid pH gradient and is named the DeltapH-dependent protein transport system. A similar DeltapH export system of Escherichia coli contains four components, twin arginine translocation A (TatA), TatB, TatC, and TatE. TatC is a maj...

To survive starvation conditions, eukaryotes have developed an evolutionarily conserved process, termed autophagy, by which the vacuole/lysosome mediates the turnover and recycling of non-essential intracellular material for re-use in critical biosynthetic reactions. Morphological and biochemical studies in Saccharomyces cerevisiae have elucidated the basic steps and mechanisms of the autophagy...

The structure and the frequency spectra of wall pressure fluctuations beneath a planar turbulent boundary layer interacting with conical shock wave at Mach number $M_\infty =2.05$ Reynolds $\textit {Re}_\theta \approx 630$ (based on upstream momentum thickness) are examined to elucidate effects gradient flow separation characteristics fluctuations, by exploiting direct numerical simulation data...

The thylakoid DeltapH-dependent pathway transports folded proteins with twin arginine-containing signal peptides. Identified components of the machinery include cpTatC, Hcf106, and Tha4. The reaction occurs in two steps: precursor binding to the machinery, and transport across the membrane. Here, we show that a cpTatC-Hcf106 complex serves as receptor for specific binding of twin arginine-conta...

The thylakoid DeltapH-dependent/Tat pathway is a novel system with the remarkable ability to transport tightly folded precursor proteins using a transmembrane DeltapH as the sole energy source. Three known components of the transport machinery exist in two distinct subcomplexes. A cpTatC-Hcf106 complex serves as precursor receptor and a Tha4 complex is required after precursor recognition. Here...

Aim: The aim of this study is to determine the average morphometric parameters scapula accurate and successful analyzes in clinic. Material Methods: A total 24 dry bone were included study. Parameters determined on scapula; superio-inferior glenoid diameter (SIGD), anterio-posterior 1 (APG1), 2 (APG2), 3 (APG3), width (SW), length (SL), basis-spina distance (BS), spina (SSW), acromiocoracoid (A...