in order to determine the role of plant leaf area in radiation distribution within the canopy and a better understanding of how crops and weeds intercept light a study of the complexity of plants is necessary. the  effect of intercropping on leaf area distribution and dry matter accumulation in corn, soybean and weeds canopy was studied in a  field experiment at a research field of tehran unive...

Canopy structure, the vertical distribution of canopy material, is an important element of forest ecosystem dynamics and habitat preference. Although vertical stratification, or “canopy layering,” is a basic characterization of canopy structure for research and forest management, it is difficult to quantify at landscape scales. In this paper we describe canopy structure and develop methodologie...

—Canopy coverage is a key variable used to characterize forest structure. In addition, the light transmitted through the canopy is an important ecological indicator of plant and animal habitat and understory climate conditions. A common groundbased method used to document canopy coverage is to take digital photographs from below the canopy. To assist with analyzing below-canopy photographs, the...

Surface roughness parameters, namely the roughness length and displacement height, are an integral input used to model surface fluxes. However, most models assume these parameters to be a fixed property of plant functional type and disregard the governing structural heterogeneity and dynamics. In this study, we use large-eddy simulations to explore, in silico, the effects of canopy-structure ch...

This study explores the relationship between laser waveforms and canopy structure parameters and the effects of the spatial arrangement of canopy structure on this relationship through a geometric optical model. Studying laser waveforms for such plant canopies is needed for the advanced retrieval of three-dimensional (3-D) canopy structure parameters from the vegetation canopy lidar (VCL) missi...

Ecosystem physical structure, defined by the quantity and spatial distribution of biomass, influences a range of ecosystem functions. Remote sensing tools permit the non-destructive characterization of canopy and root features, potentially providing opportunities to link aboveand belowground structure at fine spatial resolution in functionally meaningful ways. To test this possibility, we emplo...

BACKGROUND AND AIMS Monsi and Saeki (1953) published the first mathematical model of canopy photosynthesis that was based on the light attenuation within a canopy and a light response of leaf photosynthesis. This paper reviews the evolution and development of their theory. SCOPE Monsi and Saeki showed that under full light conditions, canopy photosynthesis is maximized at a high leaf area ind...

The concept of canopy spectral invariants states that simple algebraic combinations of leaf and canopy spectral transmittance and reflectance become wavelength independent and determine a small set of canopy structure specific variables. This set of structural variables specify the spectral response of a vegetation canopy to the incident solar radiation and allow for a simple and accurate param...

Ecosystem physical structure, defined by the quantity and spatial distribution of biomass, influences a range of ecosystem functions. Remote sensing tools permit the non-destructive characterization of canopy and root features, potentially providing opportunities to link aboveand belowground structure at fine spatial resolution in functionally meaningful ways. To test this possibility, we emplo...