United States power in Persian Gulf has risen since the end of Second World War. Dividing U.S. presence in the Region into the Cold war and post-Cold war era, the principle policy in first period was narrowing the impact of Soviet Union in the Region and in latter, Access to Persian Gulf region’s oil and controlling the major threats which can disrupt the flow of oil to global energy market. Fo...

This paper reviews the origin and theoretical foundation of the concept MilitaryIndustrial Complex and explains the key issues involved in the literature on the MIC in the Cold war context. It then considers the implications for the MIC of some main post-Cold War developments, with particular emphasis on the arms industry, its structure and effects. It then assesses the degree to which the end ...

When does nuclear counterproliferation succeed? When does it lead to preventive war? We argue that as the ratio between (i) the effect of nuclear acquisition on the balance of power and (ii) the costs of preventive war increases, counterproliferation becomes more successful but mistaken preventive wars also become more likely. We apply this logic to comparing the dynamics of proliferation durin...

As researchers for the Defence Research and Development Canada, attending field trials, military exercises and operations for data collection purposes is a common and exciting part of the job. Over the past few years while conducting research during Arctic operations (Figure 1) we have experienced the challenges of trying to conduct basics tasks outside in the extreme cold. As civilian scientis...

CONTEXT The rising number of deaths among United Nations (UN) peacekeeping forces after the Cold War has made some troop-contributing countries hesitant to participate in peacekeeping operations. While the number and scale of missions have increased, no data have demonstrated a parallel increase in risks to peacekeepers. OBJECTIVE To determine the association of characteristics of UN peacekee...