The non-Marxist, or neo-Malthusian, approach to the study of population problems is criticized, with particular reference to the situation in Africa. An alternative Marxist approach is proposed in which the solution to population problems is sought either in revolution or radical improvements in social welfare involving the maximum egalitarian distribution of the benefits of social and economi...

Research and development and innovation has an indisputable role in increasing the economic competitiveness of a country or a region and also indirectly in creating social welfare (Pitti 2006). Theoretical and practical professionals have been interested in this issue for decades, what is more for centuries. However it was not always called research and development and innovation but simply tec...

When deciding how to weigh benefits to different groups, standard economic models assume that people focus on the final distribution of utility, health or whatever. Thus, an egalitarian is assumed to be an egalitarian in the outcome space. But what about egalitarianism in the gains space, such that people focus instead on how equally benefits are distributed? This paper reports on a study in wh...

the total change in living quality happening in developed countries represents a suitable policy and programming conducted by the government. providing enough power and authority for those who are called as society organizers, there remains no doubt to expect a fruitful national economy and consequently a much better living conditions. according to the rate of changes and family economic evolut...

This paper examines the influences on voting by members of the House of Representatives on the Carter Administration’s welfare reform legislation. The analysis finds some support for the hypothesis that voting by national legislators responded to the potential mobility of welfare recipients from low to high benefit states. Defining the public interest as promoting economic growth and the specia...

I. Overview and Statement of Findings The 1990s was an extraordinary decade in terms of the number and cultural diversity of migrants who arrived to live in the United States. We are only beginning to appreciate the long-term implications of decisions and actions taken by individual migrants and American institutions during this period of strong economic growth. The influence of international m...

As the world's most populous country with the largest aging population and a rapidly growing economy, China is receiving increased attention from both the Chinese government and the governments of other countries that face low fertility and aging problems. This unprecedented shift of demographic structure has repercussions for many aspects of development including economic growth, social welfar...

David Andolfatto is a professor of economics at the the University of Waterloo and the University of Western Ontario. Paul Gomme is an economic advisor at the Federal Reserve Bank of Cleveland. Both authors are members of the Centre for Research on Economic Fluctuations and Employment in Montreal, Canada. They thank LutzAlexander Busch, Gordon Myers, and Ed Nosal for helpful comments and critic...