pardaz is technique of employing points or small dots of colour to creat the maximum colour intensity. in other word, it is type of intaglio engaraving in which groups of dots and lines are used to build up tonal effects. it conveys dual interest in intensifying the effect of colour and light. this was a lengthy process requiring great skill and colour impressions were usually double the price ...

the paintings of the illustrated shahnama manuscripts can pave the way to reach at the approach of the addressees of shahnama during all the times. shahnama is the book which has been a focus of much concentration and attention by the painters but this type of pictography has been exposed to variations concerning atmospheric conditions. so if raises the question here about the type of the impac...

illustrated shahnama of shah tahmasp, manuscript of1538ad and one ofsafvidperiodemasterpiece in persian painting,composed of 258 paintings. illustrators for stories painting, sometimes have chosen several time and place of a story to illustrate and have created a namber of works. fereydoun, zahak, siavash, zal, anoushiravan and kaykhosro stories are like this. some of these paintings have image...

nameh-ye_khosravan is a work of jalal al-din mirza, son of fath ali shah qajar, which was written during the reign of naser al-din shah qajar. in accordance to this era’s way of thinking, the illustrated manuscript of the nameh-ye khosravan is characteristically written in persian script, the arabic words and vocabularies are removed from it and the kings of the pre-islamic era of iran are illu...