Pintrich & De Groot, 1990). Motivational components include students' perceptions of the classroom environment as well as their self-related beliefs such as personal goals, self-efficacy, interest, and value beliefs. Cognitive components include students' content knowledge as well as various cognitive learning strategies such as rehearsal, elaboration, and organization, and metacognitive strate...

Recent research has extended tutor strategies to model not just interventions to offer information and activities, but also interventions to support learners’ wills and motivation. It is important to investigate new ways, intertwined with learners’ performance (successful completion of tasks) and judgement (self-report questionnaires), for evaluating tutor intervention strategies. One promising...

The majority of computer science education research to date has focused on purely cognitive student outcomes. Understanding the motivational states experienced by students may enhance our understanding of the computer science learning process, and may reveal important instructional interventions that could benefit student engagement and retention. This article investigates issues of student mot...

Implicit beliefs about the nature of human abilities have significant motivational, behavioral, and affective consequences. The purpose of this article was to review the application of implicit beliefs to the youth sport context and to provide theoretically derived and evidence-based instructional strategies to promote adaptive implicit beliefs about human abilities within this context. A narra...