this study was performed with objective land cover change prediction (forest, agriculture, residential and orchard) using logistic regression and markov chain in the gis environment in east of mazandaran province. land cover change detected using satellite imageries belonging to the years 1987 and 2001. transition potential modeling was conducted using a logistic regression. seven variables (de...

An intensive investigation was conducted to study the distribution of trace metals in surface soils of Hong Kong and to assess the soil environmental quality. From results of cluster analysis, and comparisons among soil types and areas, it is clearly shown that increases in trace metal concentrations in the soils were generally extensive and obvious in urban and orchard soils, less so in vegeta...

landscape characteristics and land use patterns of watershed demonstrate extension, distribution, density and abundance of human interference. these factors can affect water quality of adjacent aquatic systems within a watershed. land use changes have caused various environmental problems for zayandehroud river,turned it as a sink of pollutant. therefore this is investigated that how would land...

Scattered trees support high levels of farmland biodiversity and ecosystem services in agricultural landscapes, but they are threatened by agricultural intensification, urbanization, and land abandonment. This study aimed to map and quantify the decline of orchard meadows (scattered fruit trees of high nature conservation value) for a region in Southwestern Germany for the 1968 2009 period and ...

Mapping is a significant issue in mobile robot applications. Mobile robots can build a map or a model of the environment using different sensors. An orchard is a suitable agricultural environment for mobile robot applications since it is a semi-structured environment, where trees are planted in nominally straight rows. This paper presents a new method to extract features from the orchard enviro...

We present the Peer-to-Peer Wireless Network Confederation (P2PWNC), a P2P system designed to enable the sharing of WLAN bandwidth among residential hotspots. The benefits of joining the Confederation outweigh the costs, and its token-based incentive mechanism prevents free-riding. 1

The recent divergence of Orchard (Icterus spurius spurius) and Fuertes’s Orioles (I. s. fuertesi) makes them an ideal system for investigating species boundaries. Orchard and Fuertes’s Orioles differ in several respects. They have distinct breeding ranges—Fuertes’s Orioles breed in eastern coastal Mexico, whereas Orchard Orioles breed throughout eastern and central North America—and differ in p...

This study was conducted to develop a software program which computes optimal path for autonomous navigation in orchard, especially for speed sprayer. Possibilities of autonomous navigation in orchard were shown by other researches which have minimized distance error between planned path and performed path. But, research of planning an optimal path for speed sprayer in orchard is hardly founded...