the most common type of childhood-onset epilepsy syndrome is childhood absence epilepsy (cae) with well-defined electro clinical features but unknown pathological basis. the incidence of absence epilepsy is about 2 and 8 out of every 100 000 children up to the age of 16, and the prevalence is 2 and 10% of children with any form of epilepsy. children with cae suffer from high rate of pretreatmen...

The traditional receptor-stimulus model of agonism began with a description of drug action based on the law of mass action and has developed by a series of modifications, each accounting for new experimental evidence. By contrast, in this paper an approach to modelling agonism is taken that begins with the observation that experimental agonist-concentration effect, E/[A], curves are commonly hy...

In a study of human yawning Robert Provine (1986) remarked that yawning is a prominent stereotyped action pattem and releasing stimulus which “does not deserve its current status as a minor behavioural curiosity”. Indeed, “yawning may have the dubious distinction of being the least understood, common, human behaviour”. In contrast, a large body of experimental data has been collected during the...

rosa damascena mill l., known as gole mohammadi in iran is one of the most important species of rosaceae family flowers. r. damascena is an ornamental plant and beside perfuming effect, several pharmacological properties including anti-hiv, antibacterial, antioxidant, antitussive, hypnotic, antidiabetic, and relaxant effect on tracheal chains have been reported for this plant. this article is a...

background: the nigella sativa l. seeds have been used as herbal medicine in several countries for the treatment and prevention of a wide range of diseases like cough and bronchial asthma, headache, nasal congestion, toothaches, intestinal worm, menstrual disorder, digestive abnormality, and impotence. objective: the aim of this review was to collect updated available data focused on the pharma...

In this paper, I shall summarize a series of experiments that measure the effect of several inhibitors of uridine-5'-monophosphate (UMP) synthesis on the cellular level of activity for enzymes in the synthetic sequence. The inhibitors were administered to human diploid cell strains, growing in uitro, and to whole rats. In both instances, the change in specific activity of the cell or tissue pro...